Dynamically change the value of a DropdownButton based on the value of another DropdownButton [FLUTTER]

Issue

I hope you are well.
I have a little problem, I would like to dynamically change the value of a DropdownButton based on the value of another DropdownButton.

Well, I’ll explain where I’m at and what the problem is:

First I have a list of StudyCycle containing 3 elements;

final _studyCycles = const <StudyCycle>[
    StudyCycle(cycle: Cycles.elementary, classrooms: <ClassroomsLevels>[
      ClassroomsLevels.cp,
      ClassroomsLevels.ce1,
      ClassroomsLevels.ce2,
      ClassroomsLevels.cm1,
      ClassroomsLevels.cm2,
    ]),
    StudyCycle(cycle: Cycles.primary, classrooms: <ClassroomsLevels>[
      ClassroomsLevels.sixth,
      ClassroomsLevels.fifth,
      ClassroomsLevels.fourth,
      ClassroomsLevels.third,
    ]),
    StudyCycle(cycle: Cycles.secondary, classrooms: <ClassroomsLevels>[
      ClassroomsLevels.second,
      ClassroomsLevels.first,
      ClassroomsLevels.terminal,
    ])
  ];

This StudyCycle list is used to build the first DropdownButton

 DropdownButton<StudyCycle>(
          value: _selectedStudyCycle,
          items: List<DropdownMenuItem<StudyCycle>>.generate(
            _studyCycles.length,
            (index) => DropdownMenuItem<StudyCycle>(
              value: _studyCycles[index],
              child: Text(_studyCycles[index].cycle.toString()),
            ),
          ),
          hint: const Text('Your Study Cycle'),
          onChanged: (StudyCycle? studyCycle) {
            if (studyCycle != _selectedStudyCycle) {
              if (_selectedStudyCycle != null) setState(() => _selectedStudyCycle = null);

              if (studyCycle != null) setState(() => _selectedStudyCycle = studyCycle);
            }
          },
        )

And by selecting a StudyCycle from the StudyCycles Dropdown, it allows to build values of another DropdownButton containing this time the ClassroomsLevels of the StudyCycle currently selected in the StudyCycles Dropdown (so far so good)

    DropdownButton<ClassroomsLevels>(
      hint: const Text('Select your classroom'),
      value: _selectedClassroom,
      items: _selectedStudyCycle == null
          ? []
          : List<DropdownMenuItem<ClassroomsLevels>>.generate(
              _selectedStudyCycle!.classrooms.length,
              (index) => DropdownMenuItem<ClassroomsLevels>(
                value: _selectedStudyCycle!.classrooms[index],
                child: Text(_selectedStudyCycle!.classrooms[index].toString()),
              ),
            ),
      onChanged: (ClassroomsLevels? classroom) => setState(() => _selectedClassroom = classroom),
    )

The problem occurs when a ClassroomLevel is selected and I change StudyCycle, I get this error:

There should be exactly one item with [DropdownButton]'s value: ClassroomsLevels.fourth. 
Either zero or 2 or more [DropdownMenuItem]s were detected with the same value
'package:flutter/src/material/dropdown.dart':
Failed assertion: line 915 pos 15: 'items == null || items.isEmpty || value == null ||
              items.where((DropdownMenuItem<T> item) {
                return item.value == value;
              }).length == 1'

I tried my best to solve the problem but I couldn’t (and I don’t really understand why), so I am relying on you.
Can you help me to understand what the error is and how to solve it?

The complete code

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class MyHomePage2 extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyHomePage2({Key? key, required this.title}) : super(key: key);

  final String title;

  @override
  State<MyHomePage2> createState() => _MyHomePage2State();
}

class _MyHomePage2State extends State<MyHomePage2> {
  final _studyCycles = const <StudyCycle>[
    StudyCycle(cycle: Cycles.elementary, classrooms: <ClassroomsLevels>[
      ClassroomsLevels.cp,
      ClassroomsLevels.ce1,
      ClassroomsLevels.ce2,
      ClassroomsLevels.cm1,
      ClassroomsLevels.cm2,
    ]),
    StudyCycle(cycle: Cycles.primary, classrooms: <ClassroomsLevels>[
      ClassroomsLevels.sixth,
      ClassroomsLevels.fifth,
      ClassroomsLevels.fourth,
      ClassroomsLevels.third,
    ]),
    StudyCycle(cycle: Cycles.secondary, classrooms: <ClassroomsLevels>[
      ClassroomsLevels.second,
      ClassroomsLevels.first,
      ClassroomsLevels.terminal,
    ])
  ];

  StudyCycle? _selectedStudyCycle;

  ClassroomsLevels? _selectedClassroom;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text(widget.title)),
      body: SizedBox(
        width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
          children: [
            DropdownButton<StudyCycle>(
              value: _selectedStudyCycle,
              items: List<DropdownMenuItem<StudyCycle>>.generate(
                _studyCycles.length,
                (index) => DropdownMenuItem<StudyCycle>(
                  value: _studyCycles[index],
                  child: Text(_studyCycles[index].cycle.toString()),
                ),
              ),
              hint: const Text('Your Study Cycle'),
              onChanged: (StudyCycle? studyCycle) {
                if (studyCycle != _selectedStudyCycle) {
                  if (_selectedStudyCycle != null) setState(() => _selectedStudyCycle = null);

                  if (studyCycle != null) setState(() => _selectedStudyCycle = studyCycle);
                }
              },
            ),

            //

            DropdownButton<ClassroomsLevels>(
              hint: const Text('Select your classroom'),
              value: _selectedClassroom,
              items: _selectedStudyCycle == null
                  ? []
                  : List<DropdownMenuItem<ClassroomsLevels>>.generate(
                      _selectedStudyCycle!.classrooms.length,
                      (index) => DropdownMenuItem<ClassroomsLevels>(
                        value: _selectedStudyCycle!.classrooms[index],
                        child: Text(_selectedStudyCycle!.classrooms[index].toString()),
                      ),
                    ),
              onChanged: (ClassroomsLevels? classroom) => setState(() => _selectedClassroom = classroom),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class StudyCycle {
  final Cycles cycle;

  final List<ClassroomsLevels> classrooms;

  final String? description;

  final int? iconCodePoint;

  const StudyCycle({
    required this.cycle,
    required this.classrooms,
    this.description,
    this.iconCodePoint,
  });
}

enum Cycles { elementary, primary, secondary, secondaryTechnique }

enum ClassroomsLevels {
  cp,
  ce1,
  ce2,
  cm1,
  cm2,
  sixth,
  fifth,
  fourth,
  third,
  second,
  first,
  terminal,
  mechanical,
  electronic,
  electricity,
  inEngineering,
  secretariat,
  accounting,
  economy,
  agr1,
  agr2,
  agr3,
}

THANK YOU!

Solution

The reason for the error is that the value of _selectedClassroom in your second dropdown is not present in the new classroom list _selectedStudyCycle!.classrooms once you change the value of the first dropdown. Simply reset the value of your second dropdown in the setState method:

if (studyCycle != null) {
 setState(() {
 // Add this line
 _selectedClassroom = null;
 _selectedStudyCycle = studyCycle;
});
}

Answered By – hnnngwdlch

Answer Checked By – Robin (FlutterFixes Admin)